First Aid is something everyone can do and should learn. It can give you the confidence to act, whether you’re faced with a serious accident or a small injury. That’s why we’ve decided to post a few of the basics here, in bite-sized chunks. Also, all the information comes from the most trustworthy source: St. John’s Ambulance
The D.R.A.B Check
When you approach someone who is hurt, it can be confusing to know what to do. The D.R.A.B (Danger, Response, Airways, Breathing) check is a basic technique to help you assess the situation and it’s the starting point for all first aid. It consists of four easy steps but it’s important to do everything in the right order.
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1. Danger
Before you go and help someone you must remember to think of the risks. Are you or the casualty in danger? Will you put yourself in danger if you help the casualty? If you can, try and make the area safe before you go to help.
2. Response
If the person you are helping appears to be unconscious, you can check by shouting ‘Can you hear me?’, ‘Open your eyes’ and gently shaking their shoulders. Does the casualty respond to your voice or a gentle shake? If someone is responsive (for example if their eyes are moving or they are talking) then you know they are getting oxygen to their brain.
3. Airway
The next thing you need to do is check the person’s airway – the pipe that goes from your mouth and nose into your lungs, and lets you breathe. The most likely thing that might be blocking an airway is the tongue, but by tilting the head back the tongue will move out of the way. The best way to do this is to place on hand on the casualty’s forehead and gently tilt their head back. Then place the fingertips of your other hand under the casualty’s chin and gently lift it.

4. Breathing
You should then look, listen and feel for breathing for up to 10 seconds.
•   Look – to see if their chest is moving or not
•   Listen – to see if you can hear them breathing
•   Feel – for any breath on your cheek. You will need to get very close to their mouth to do this and wait for at least 10 seconds.
If the person is unconscious but breathing normally, you should put them in the recovery position and check for injuries. If someone has stopped breathing they need to go to a hospital as soon as possible, so you must call an ambulance quickly (999).